Implementation of the Independence Policy of Fire and Rescue Services in Indonesia
Keywords:
Policy implementation; Institutional autonomy; Fire services; Compliance; Policy performanceAbstract
This study is motivated by the uneven implementation of the policy establishing Regional Fire and Rescue Agencies as independent government departments, reflecting a gap between policy design and local implementation capacity due to fiscal constraints, limited human resources, and political and institutional dynamics. The objective of this study is to analyze the implementation of this policy based on the dimensions of compliance, routine functions, and performance and impacts, while also identifying the factors influencing its implementation and formulating policy implications to strengthen its effectiveness and long-term sustainability. This study employs a qualitative approach using content analysis to examine the implementation of the policy on the institutional independence of Regional Fire and Rescue Agencies through interview and documentary data. The analysis is guided by the dimensions of compliance, routine functions, and performance and impacts, and is conducted inductively with validity ensured through triangulation. The findings indicate that the implementation of the policy establishing Regional Fire and Rescue Agencies as independent departments has progressed; however, its success varies across regions, with compliance tending to remain administrative rather than fully substantive. Regions that have established independent agencies demonstrate improved governance, particularly in workflow management, decision-making processes, and budget administration. Nevertheless, these improvements have not been consistently reflected in the quality of public service delivery, indicating the need for stronger guidance from the central government and greater commitment from local governments.
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